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Luxembourg · research article
Luxembourg combines an international financial center, a cross-border workforce, and supporting legal, tax, fund-administration, logistics, ICT, and public services. Sector shares, trade flows, regulation, demography, and risks explain its reliance on high-value service exports.
Read researchNetherlands · research article
The Netherlands combines trade infrastructure, advanced services, export-oriented manufacturing and strong institutions in an unusually open economic model. This analysis explains how those parts reinforce one another, then traces the constraints created by labour supply, housing, energy capacity, regional differences and the policy choices that will shape future competitiveness.
Read researchGermany · research article
Germany combines a large service base with an unusually substantial manufacturing sector for a high-income economy. The report places modest 2025 growth within longer pressures from weak productivity, exports, energy adjustment, demographics, finance, and regional disparities.
Read researchUnited Kingdom · research article
How the United Kingdom economy works: a practical map of services-led growth, policy channels, household balance, and structural risks in 2026.
Read researchMulti-country: Germany | Netherlands | Switzerland · research article
Compare three open, high-income economies by how they earn external income: Dutch logistics and business services, German manufacturing and engineering, and Swiss pharmaceuticals, chemicals, finance, and knowledge-intensive activity. Indicators and scenarios clarify their different growth models.
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